[Isolated fracture of the second cervical vertebra].
[An unusual fracture of the second cervical vertebra].
[Dens-epistropheus fracture [Fracture of the odontoid process of the axis/second cervical vertebra]].
Management of Odontoid Cervical Fracture.
Grasso G, Leone L, Torregrossa F.
World Neurosurg. 2019 Mar;123:246-247. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.12.038. Epub 2018 Dec 19.
Axis fractures.
Pryputniewicz DM, Hadley MN.
Neurosurgery. 2010 Mar;66(3 Suppl):68-82. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000366118.21964.A8.
Os Odontoideum in Children.
Hedequist DJ, Mo AZ.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020 Feb 1;28(3):e100-e107. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-18-00637.
Radiology of postnatal skeletal development. XII. The second cervical vertebra.
Ogden JA.
Skeletal Radiol. 1984;12(3):169-77. doi: 10.1007/BF00361083.
Fractures of the second cervical vertebra: Internal fixation by interlaminar wiring.
Salmon JH.
Neurosurgery. 1977 Sep-Oct;1(2):125-7. doi: 10.1227/00006123-197709000-00007.
Biomechanical Assessment of Fracture Loads and Patterns of the Odontoid Process.
Benca E, Zderic I, van Knegsel KP, Caspar J, Hirtler L, Fuchssteiner C, Strassl A, Gueorguiev B, Widhalm H, Windhager R, Varga P.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2022 Sep 1;47(17):1212-1220. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000004369. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
Subaxial injuries.
Stauffer ES.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1989 Feb;(239):30-9.
[Classification of upper cervical fractures: a review].
Ouyang PR, He XJ, Cai X.
Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2017 Sep 25;30(9):872-875. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0034.2017.09.018.
The cervicocranium: its radiographic assessment.
Harris J Jr.
Radiology. 2001 Feb;218(2):337-51. doi: 10.1148/radiology.218.2.r01fe53337.
Atypical hangman's fractures.
Starr JK, Eismont FJ.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1993 Oct 15;18(14):1954-7. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199310001-00005.
